1. OGC Coverage

By OGC definition coverages are digital geospatial information representing space/time-varying phenomena, specifically spatio-temporal regular and irregular grids, point clouds, and general meshes, such as satellite imagery, digital elevation models, or digital aerial imagery.

Grid coverages have a domain comprised of regularly spaced locations along 0, 1, 2, or 3 axes of a spatial coordinate reference system. Their domain may also have a time dimension, which may be regularly or irregularly spaced. A coverage defines, at each location in the domain, a set of fields that may be single-valued (such as elevation), or array-valued (such as brightness values in different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum - RS data). These fields with their values are known as the range of the coverage.

GML 3.2.1. application schema for coverages which has been developed with the goal that coverages handled by a WCS can be more easily interchanged with other OGC services.

Example for a rectified grid coverage (sources OGC)  defined in the GML 3.2.1 Application Schema for Coverages